Empowering the Press: A Structuring Step, Reforms Still Awaited

Adopted on December 18, 2025, the decree regulating freedom of expression, the press, and online communications marks an important step in modernizing Haiti's legal framework. By reaffirming the fundamental nature of press freedom while addressing abuses related to disinformation, cyberharassment, and hate speech, the Executive lays the groundwork for a more responsible and better-protected media environment.

The text forcefully reminds us that freedom of expression is guaranteed by the Constitution and international instruments ratified by Haiti. It also enshrines specific guarantees for journalists, recognized as essential actors in public debate and beneficiaries of strengthened legal protection in the exercise of their mission. In a context of generalized insecurity and multiple pressures on the media, this institutional recognition constitutes a strong political signal.

By regulating abuses of freedom of expression — defamation, fake news, cyberharassment, or hate speech — the decree responds to a reality that has become concerning, particularly on social networks. It introduces clear accountability mechanisms, including for digital platforms, and offers victims rapid remedies, such as the summary removal of manifestly illicit content. This approach helps restore a minimum of trust in the public sphere and strengthens social cohesion.

However, this normative progress cannot fully achieve its effects without deeper and more urgent institutional reforms. The issue of regulation remains central. The role entrusted to the National Telecommunications Council (CONATEL) calls for in-depth reflection on its organization, independence, technical capabilities, and governance. Without a modernized, credible, and adequately resourced regulatory authority, the application of the decree risks remaining uneven, or even ineffective.

Beyond CONATEL, other equally priority projects emerge: clarifying the status of online media, establishing transparent mechanisms for accreditation and professional self-regulation, strengthening the training of journalists and magistrates on digital issues, as well as adopting public policies to combat disinformation focused on prevention and media education.

In a country facing major security, institutional, and democratic challenges, the decree of December 18, 2025, therefore constitutes a useful and anticipated legal foundation. However, it will benefit from being complemented by courageous and concerted structural reforms, which alone can guarantee a lasting balance between freedom of expression, the responsibility of actors, and the effective protection of the general interest.